Atomic and molecular spectroscopy : basic aspects and practical applications / Sune Svanberg.

By: Svanberg, S. (Sune), 1943-.

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BookSeries: Advanced texts in physics.Publisher: Berlin ; New York : Springer, 2004Edition: 4th, rev. ed.Description: xvii, 588 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. + pbk.ISBN: 3540203826 (pbk.).Subject(s): Atomic spectroscopy

| Molecular spectroscopy

DDC classification: 539

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Enhanced descriptions from Syndetics:

A wide-ranging review of modern spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray, photoelectron, optical and laser spectroscopy, and radiofrequency and microwave techniques. On the fundamental side the book focuses on physical principles and the impact of spectroscopy on our understanding of the building blocks of matter, while in the area of applications particular attention is given to those in chemical analysis, photochemistry, surface characterisation, environmental and medical diagnostics, remote sensing and astrophyscis. The Fourth Edition also provides the reader with an update on laser cooling and trapping, Bose-Einstein condensation, ultra-fast spectroscopy, high-power laser/matter interaction, satellite-based astronomy and spectroscopic aspects of laser medicine.

Bibliography: p. [473]-574. - Includes index

CIT Module CHEA 8002 - Supplementary reading

Table of contents provided by Syndetics

1 Introduction (p. 1)
2 Atomic Structure (p. 5)
2.1 One-Electron Systems (p. 5)
2.2 Alkali Atoms (p. 7)
2.3 Magnetic Effects (p. 8)
2.3.1 Precessional Motion (p. 8)
2.3.2 Spin-Orbit Interaction (p. 9)
2.4 General Many-Electron Systems (p. 10)
2.5 The Influence of External Fields (p. 17)
2.5.1 Magnetic Fields (p. 18)
2.5.2 Electric Fields (p. 21)
2.6 Hyperfine Structure (p. 23)
2.6.1 Magnetic Hyperfine Structure (p. 23)
2.6.2 Electric Hyperfine Structure (p. 25)
2.7 The Influence of External Fields (hfs) (p. 26)
2.8 Isotopic Shifts (p. 29)
3 Molecular Structure (p. 31)
3.1 Electronic Levels (p. 32)
3.2 Rotational Energy (p. 35)
3.3 Vibrational Energy (p. 36)
3.4 Polyatomic Molecules (p. 37)
3.5 Clusters (p. 39)
3.6 Other Molecular Structures (p. 40)
4 Radiation and Scattering Processes (p. 41)
4.1 Resonance Radiation (p. 41)
4.2 Spectra Generated by Dipole Transitions (p. 51)
4.2.1 Atoms (p. 52)
4.2.2 Molecules (p. 55)
4.3 Rayleigh and Raman Scattering (p. 61)
4.4 Raman Spectra (p. 63)
4.4.1 Vibrational Raman Spectra (p. 63)
4.4.2 Rotational Raman Spectra (p. 64)
4.4.3 Vibrational-Rotational Raman Spectra (p. 64)
4.5 Mie Scattering (p. 65)
4.6 Atmospheric Scattering Phenomena (p. 66)
4.7 Comparison Between Different Radiation and Scattering Processes (p. 69)
4.8 Collision-Induced Processes (p. 70)
5 Spectroscopy of Inner Electrons (p. 71)
5.1 X-Ray Spectroscopy (p. 71)
5.1.1 X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy (p. 73)
5.1.2 X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy (p. 79)
5.1.3 X-Ray Imaging Applications (p. 82)
5.2 Photoelectron Spectroscopy (p. 85)
5.2.1 XPS Techniques and Results (p. 87)
5.2.2 Chemical Shifts (p. 90)
5.3 Auger Electron Spectroscopy (p. 95)
6 Optical Spectroscopy (p. 97)
6.1 Light Sources (p. 97)
6.1.1 Line Light Sources (p. 98)
6.1.2 Continuum Light Sources (p. 106)
6.1.3 Synchrotron Radiation (p. 108)
6.1.4 Natural Radiation Sources (p. 113)
6.2 Spectral Resolution Instruments (p. 114)
6.2.1 Prism Spectrometers (p. 114)
6.2.2 Grating Spectrometers (p. 117)
6.2.3 The Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (p. 121)
6.2.4 The Fourier Transform Spectrometer (p. 126)
6.3 Detectors (p. 128)
6.4 Optical Components and Materials (p. 134)
6.4.1 Interference Filters and Mirrors (p. 134)
6.4.2 Absorption Filters (p. 138)
6.4.3 Polarizers (p. 141)
6.4.4 Optical Materials (p. 143)
6.4.5 Influence of the Transmission Medium (p. 144)
6.5 Optical Methods of Chemical Analysis (p. 148)
6.5.1 The Beer-Lambert Law (p. 149)
6.5.2 Atomic Absorption/Emission Spectrophotometry (p. 151)
6.5.3 Burners, Flames, Sample Preparation and Measurements (p. 155)
6.5.4 Modified Methods of Atomization (p. 156)
6.5.5 Multi-Element Analysis (p. 157)
6.5.6 Molecular Spectrophotometry (p. 158)
6.5.7 Raman Spectroscopy (p. 160)
6.6 Optical Remote Sensing (p. 162)
6.6.1 Atmospheric Monitoring with Passive Techniques (p. 164)
6.6.2 Land and Water Measurements with Passive Techniques (p. 171)
6.7 Astrophysical Spectroscopy (p. 176)
7 Radio-Frequency Spectroscopy (p. 187)
7.1 Resonance Methods (p. 187)
7.1.1 Magnetic Resonance (p. 187)
7.1.2 Atomic-Beam Magnetic Resonance (p. 189)
7.1.3 Optical Pumping (p. 197)
7.1.4 Optical Double Resonance (p. 200)
7.1.5 Level-Crossing Spectroscopy (p. 203)
7.1.6 Resonance Methods for Liquids and Solids (p. 209)
7.2 Microwave Radiometry (p. 218)
7.3 Radio Astronomy (p. 222)
8 Lasers (p. 227)
8.1 Basic Principles (p. 227)
8.2 Coherence (p. 230)
8.3 Resonators and Mode Structure (p. 231)
8.4 Fixed-Frequency Lasers (p. 236)
8.4.1 The Ruby Laser (p. 236)
8.4.2 Four-Level Lasers (p. 238)
8.4.3 Pulsed Gas Lasers (p. 241)
8.4.4 The He-Ne Laser (p. 243)
8.4.5 Gaseous Ion Lasers (p. 244)
8.5 Tunable Lasers (p. 246)
8.5.1 Dye Lasers (p. 246)
8.5.2 Colour-Centre Lasers (p. 255)
8.5.3 Tunable Solid-State Lasers (p. 256)
8.5.4 Tunable CO 2 Lasers (p. 257)
8.5.5 Semiconductor Lasers (p. 259)
8.6 Nonlinear Optical Phenomena (p. 262)
8.7 Ultra-short and Ultra-high-Power Laser Pulse Generation (p. 276)
8.7.1 Short-Pulse Generation by Mode-Locking (p. 276)
8.7.2 Generation of Ultra-high Power Pulses (p. 282)
9 Laser Spectroscopy (p. 287)
9.1 Basic Principles (p. 287)
9.1.1 Comparison Between Conventional Light Sources and Lasers (p. 287)
9.1.2 Saturation (p. 287)
9.1.3 Excitation Methods (p. 289)
9.1.4 Detection Methods (p. 290)
9.1.5 Laser Wavelength Setting (p. 292)
9.2 Doppler-Limited Techniques (p. 294)
9.2.1 Absorption Measurements (p. 294)
9.2.2 Intracavity Absorption Measurements (p. 296)
9.2.3 Absorption Measurements on Excited States (p. 297)
9.2.4 Level Labelling (p. 298)
9.2.5 Two-Photon Absorption Measurements (p. 299)
9.2.6 Opto-Galvanic Spectroscopy (p. 301)
9.2.7 Single-Atom and Single-Molecule Detection (p. 304)
9.2.8 Opto-Acoustic Spectroscopy (p. 304)
9.3 Optical Double-Resonance and Level-Crossing Experiments with Laser Excitation (p. 306)
9.4 Time-Resolved Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy (p. 311)
9.4.1 Generation of Short Optical Pulses (p. 312)
9.4.2 Measurement Techniques for Optical Transients (p. 312)
9.4.3 Background to Lifetime Measurements (p. 318)
9.4.4 Survey of Methods of Measurement for Radiative Properties (p. 319)
9.4.5 Quantum-Beat Spectroscopy (p. 325)
9.5 Ultrafast Spectroscopy (p. 331)
9.5.1 Ultrafast Measurement Techniques (p. 332)
9.5.2 Molecular Reaction Dynamics (Femtochemistry) (p. 336)
9.5.3 Coherent Control (p. 338)
9.6 High-Power Laser Experiments (p. 339)
9.6.1 Above Threshold Ionization (ATI) (p. 340)
9.6.2 High Harmonic Generation (p. 342)
9.6.3 X-Ray Laser Pumping (p. 347)
9.6.4 Broadband X-Ray Generation (p. 348)
9.6.5 Relativistic Effects and Laser Accelerators (p. 351)
9.6.6 Laser-Nuclear Interactions and Laser-Driven Fusion (p. 351)
9.7 High-Resolution Laser Spectroscopy (p. 351)
9.7.1 Spectroscopy on Collimated Atomic and Ionic Beams (p. 352)
9.7.2 Saturation Spectroscopy and Related Techniques (p. 359)
9.7.3 Doppler-Free Two-Photon Absorption (p. 368)
9.8 Cooling and Trapping of Ions and Atoms (p. 374)
9.8.1 Introduction (p. 374)
9.8.2 Ion Traps (p. 376)
9.8.3 Basic Laser Cooling in Traps (p. 377)
9.8.4 Trapped Ion Spectroscopy (p. 379)
9.8.5 Atom Cooling and Trapping (p. 379)
9.8.6 Sub-Recoil Cooling (p. 382)
9.8.7 Atom Optics (p. 384)
9.8.8 Bose-Einstein Condensation and "Atom Lasers" (p. 384)
9.8.9 Fermionic "Condensation" (p. 387)
10 Laser-Spectroscopic Applications (p. 389)
10.1 Diagnostics of Combustion Processes (p. 389)
10.1.1 Background (p. 389)
10.1.2 Laser-Induced Fluorescence and Related Techniques (p. 392)
10.1.3 Raman Spectroscopy (p. 398)
10.1.4 Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (p. 398)
10.1.5 Velocity Measurements (p. 403)
10.2 Laser Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere (p. 406)
10.2.1 Optical Heterodyne Detection (p. 407)
10.2.2 Long-Path Absorption Techniques (p. 408)
10.2.3 Lidar Techniques (p. 414)
10.3 Laser-Induced Fluorescence and Raman Spectroscopy in Liquids and Solids (p. 425)
10.3.1 Hydrospheric Remote Sensing (p. 426)
10.3.2 Vegetation Monitoring (p. 429)
10.3.3 Monitoring of Surface Layers (p. 430)
10.4 Laser-Induced Chemical Processes (p. 435)
10.4.1 Laser-Induced Chemistry (p. 435)
10.4.2 Laser Isotope Separation (p. 436)
10.5 Spectroscopic Aspects of Lasers in Medicine (p. 441)
10.5.1 Thermal Interaction of Laser Light with Tissue (p. 441)
10.5.2 Photodynamic Tumour Therapy (p. 443)
10.5.3 Tissue Diagnostics with Laser-Induced Fluorescence (p. 447)
10.5.4 Scattering Spectroscopy and Tissue Transillumination (p. 454)
Questions and Exercises (p. 461)
References (p. 473)
Index (p. 573)

Reviews provided by Syndetics

CHOICE Review

Svanberg gives a comprehensive overview of modern methods and applications of atomic and molecular spectroscopy, accompanied by a brief review of atomic and molecular energy levels and the interaction of radiation with matter. In his effort to give a complete overview of the field, he has necessarily touched cursorily on many topics. However, extensive references, primarily to books and review articles, direct the reader to more detailed information. Almost half of the book addresses lasers and laser spectroscopy, making it an extremely useful addition to libraries at primarily undergraduate institutions, where students and teachers are less likely to be familiar with laser spectroscopic methods and applications. Although he emphasizes applications of spectroscopy, Svanberg does an excellent job of covering modern spectroscopic techniques as well. Throughout the volume a basic knowledge of quantum mechanics is assumed, making it suitable for advanced undergraduates and graduate students.-M. H. Begemann, Vassar College

Author notes provided by Syndetics

Sune Svanberg is a professor of physics and head of the Atomic Physics Division of the Lund Institute of Technology. He is also the director of the multi-disciplinary Lund Laser Centre at the Lund University. He has extensive research experience in radiofrequency, optical and laser spectroscopy, and in the use of lasers in combustion diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnostics and treatment, and is thus in good position to cover the vast scope of the book. Sune Svanberg has coauthored almost 500 papers and trained a large number or undergraduates and graduates in basic and applied atomic and molecular spectroscopy. He served extensively in international organisations and scientific advisory committees. He is a member of five academies and holds three honorary doctor degrees.