Medically important fungi : a guide to identification / Davise H. Larone.

By: Larone, Davise Honig, 1939-.

Material type: materialTypeLabel

BookPublisher: Washington, D.C. : ASM Press, [1995]Copyright date: ©1995Edition: Third edition.Description: xvi, 274 pages : illustrations ; 26 cm.Content type: text Media type: unmediated Carrier type: volumeISBN: 1555810918 (paperback); 9781555810917 (paperback).Subject(s): Pathogenic fungi -- Identification

| Fungi -- Cultures and culture media

| Medical mycology

DDC classification: 616.96901

Contents:

Part I Guides: Guide to interpretation of direct microscopic examination of clinical specimens -- Guide to identification of fungi in culture -- Part II Detailed descriptions: Filamentous bacteria -- Yeasts and Yeastlike organisms -- Thermally dimorphic fungi -- Thermally monomorphic molds -- Part III Laboratory technique: Laboratory procedures -- Staining methods -- Media.

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Enhanced descriptions from Syndetics:

Aimed at all mycologists working in a diagnostic setting, this book helps laboratory workers identify fungal pathogens under the microscope by their morphology and other readily identifiable features. While the book is not intended to be a text in mycology, it nonetheless enjoys a considerable popularity as a supplementary text because of its utility.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 263-267) and index.

Table of contents provided by Syndetics

Preface to the Fourth Edition (p. xiii)
Preface to the First Edition (p. xv)
Acknowledgments (p. xvii)
How To Use the Guide (p. 1)
Use of Reference Laboratories (p. 3)
Safety Precautions (p. 7)
Part I Direct Microscopic Examination of Clinical Specimens
Introduction (p. 11)
Histological Terminology (p. 13)
Tissue Reactions to Fungal Infection (p. 17)
Stains (p. 21)
Table 1 Stains for direct microscopic examination of fungi and filamentous bacteria in tissue (p. 22)
Guide to Interpretation of Direct Microscopic Examination (p. 23)
Detailed Descriptions (p. 29)
Actinomycosis (p. 31)
Mycetoma (Actinomycotic or Eumycotic) (p. 32)
Nocardiosis (p. 34)
Zygomycosis (Mucormycosis) (p. 35)
Aspergillosis (p. 36)
Miscellaneous Hyalohyphomycoses (p. 38)
Dermatophytosis (p. 40)
Tinea versicolor (p. 41)
Tinea nigra (p. 42)
Phaeohyphomycosis (p. 43)
Chromoblastomycosis (p. 44)
Sporotrichosis (p. 45)
Histoplasmosis capsulati (p. 46)
Penicilliosis marneffei (p. 48)
Blastomycosis (p. 50)
Paracoccidioidomycosis (p. 51)
Candidiasis (Candidosis) (p. 52)
Cryptococcosis (p. 54)
Pneumocystosis (p. 56)
Protothecosis (p. 57)
Coccidioidomycosis (p. 58)
Rhinosporidiosis (p. 59)
Adiaspiromycosis (p. 61)
Special References (p. 63)
Part II Identification of Fungi in Culture
Guide to Identification of Fungi in Culture (p. 67)
Detailed Descriptions (p. 97)
Filamentous Bacteria (p. 99)
Introduction (p. 101)
Table 2 Differentiation of aerobic actinomycetes (p. 103)
Nocardia spp. (p. 104)
Streptomyces spp. (p. 106)
Actinomadura spp. (p. 107)
Nocardiopsis dassonvillei (p. 108)
Yeasts and Yeastlike Organisms (p. 109)
Introduction (p. 111)
Candida albicans (p. 113)
Table 3 Characteristics of the genera of clinically encountered yeasts and yeastlike organisms (p. 114)
Candida dubliniensis (p. 115)
Table 4 Characteristics of Candida spp. most commonly encountered in the clinical laboratory (p. 116)
Table 5 Characteristics that assist in differentiating Candida dubliniensis from Candida albicans (p. 118)
Candida tropicalis (p. 119)
Candida parapsilosis (p. 120)
Candida lusitaniae (p. 121)
Candida krusei (p. 122)
Table 6 Differentiating characteristics of Blastoschizomyces capitatus vs Candida krusei (p. 123)
Table 7 Differentiating characteristics of Candida krusei vs Candida inconspicua (p. 123)
Candida kefyr (p. 124)
Candida guilliermondii (p. 125)
Candida lipolytica (p. 126)
Candida zeylanoides (p. 127)
Candida glabrata (p. 128)
Cryptococcus neoformans (p. 129)
Table 8 Characteristics of Cryptococcus spp. (p. 130)
Table 9 Characteristics of yeasts and yeastlike organisms other than Candida spp. and Cryptococcus spp. (p. 131)
Rhodotorula spp. (p. 132)
Sporobolomyces salmonicolor (p. 133)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (p. 134)
Pichia anomala (p. 135)
Malassezia furfur (p. 136)
Malassezia pachydermatis (p. 137)
Ustilago sp. (p. 138)
Prototheca spp. (p. 139)
Trichosporon spp. (p. 140)
Table 10 Key characteristics of clinically encountered Trichosporon spp. (p. 141)
Blastoschizomyces capitatus (p. 142)
Geotrichum candidum (p. 143)
Thermally Dimorphic Fungi (p. 145)
Introduction (p. 147)
Sporothrix schenckii (p. 148)
Histoplasma capsulatum (p. 150)
Blastomyces dermatitidis (p. 152)
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (p. 154)
Penicillium marneffei (p. 156)
Thermally Monomorphic Moulds (p. 159)
Zygomycetes (p. 161)
Introduction (p. 163)
Table 11 Differential characteristics of similar organisms in the class Zygomycetes (p. 165)
Table 12 Differential characteristics of the clinically encountered Rhizopus spp. (p. 165)
Rhizopus spp. (p. 166)
Mucor spp. (p. 167)
Rhizomucor spp. (p. 168)
Absidia corymbifera (p. 169)
Apophysomyces elegans (p. 170)
Saksenaea vasiformis (p. 172)
Cokeromyces recurvatus (p. 173)
Cunninghamella bertholletiae (p. 174)
Syncephalastrum racemosum (p. 175)
Basidiobolus sp. (p. 176)
Conidiobolus coronatus (p. 177)
Dematiaceous Fungi (p. 179)
Introduction (p. 181)
Fonsecaea pedrosoi (p. 183)
Fonsecaea compacta (p. 185)
Table 13 Characteristics of Phialophora, Phaeoacremonium, Acremonium, Phialemonium, and Lecythophora (p. 186)
Phialophora verrucosa (p. 187)
Phialophora richardsiae (p. 188)
Phaeoacremonium parasiticum (p. 189)
Phialemonium spp. (p. 190)
Cladosporium spp. (p. 192)
Table 14 Characteristics of Cladosporium and Cladophialophora spp. (p. 193)
Cladophialophora carrionii (p. 194)
Cladophialophora bantiana (p. 195)
Pseudallescheria boydii; Scedosporium apiospermum (p. 196)
Scedosporium prolificans (p. 198)
Dactylaria constricta (p. 199)
Table 15 Differentiation of the varieties of Dactylaria constricta (p. 200)
Table 16 Characteristics of some of the "black yeasts" (p. 200)
Exophiala jeanselmei (p. 201)
Wangiella dermatitidis (Exophiala dermatitidis) (p. 202)
Phaeoannellomyces werneckii (Hortaea werneckii, Exophiala werneckii) (p. 203)
Madurella mycetomatis (p. 204)
Madurella grisea (p. 205)
Piedraia hortae (p. 206)
Aureobasidium pullulans (p. 207)
Table 17 Differential characteristics of Aureobasidium pullulans vs Hormonema dematioides (p. 209)
Hormonema dematioides (p. 210)
Scytalidium spp. (p. 211)
Botrytis sp. (p. 213)
Stachybotrys chartarum (S. alternans, S. atra) (p. 214)
Graphium sp. (p. 215)
Curvularia spp. (p. 216)
Bipolaris spp. (p. 217)
Table 18 Characteristics of Bipolaris, Drechslera, and Exserohilum spp. (p. 218)
Exserohilum spp. (p. 219)
Helminthosporium sp. (p. 220)
Alternaria sp. (p. 221)
Ulocladium sp. (p. 222)
Stemphylium sp. (p. 223)
Pithomyces sp. (p. 224)
Epicoccum sp. (p. 225)
Nigrospora sp. (p. 226)
Chaetomium sp. (p. 227)
Phoma spp. (p. 228)
Dermatophytes (p. 229)
Introduction (p. 231)
Microsporum audouinii (p. 232)
Microsporum canis var. canis (p. 233)
Microsporum canis var. distortum (p. 234)
Microsporum cookei (p. 235)
Microsporum gypseum complex (p. 236)
Microsporum gallinae (p. 237)
Microsporum nanum (p. 238)
Microsporum vanbreuseghemii (p. 239)
Microsporum ferrugineum (p. 240)
Trichophyton mentagrophytes (p. 241)
Table 19 Differentiation of similar conidia-producing Trichophyton spp. (p. 242)
Trichophyton rubrum (p. 243)
Trichophyton tonsurans (p. 244)
Trichophyton terrestre (p. 245)
Trichophyton megninii (p. 246)
Trichophyton soudanense (p. 247)
Table 20 Growth patterns of Trichophyton species on nutritional test media (p. 248)
Trichophyton schoenleinii (p. 249)
Trichophyton verrucosum (p. 250)
Trichophyton violaceum (p. 251)
Trichophyton ajelloi (p. 252)
Epidermophyton floccosum (p. 253)
Hyaline Hyphomycetes (p. 255)
Introduction (p. 257)
Coccidioides immitis (p. 258)
Table 21 Differential characteristics of fungi in which arthroconidia predominate (p. 260)
Malbranchea spp. (p. 261)
Geomyces pannorum (p. 262)
Arthrographis kalrae (p. 263)
Emmonsia spp. (p. 264)
Table 22 Identification of the most common species of Aspergillus (p. 266)
Aspergillus spp. (p. 268)
Penicillium spp. (p. 269)
Paecilomyces spp. (p. 270)
Scopulariopsis spp. (p. 272)
Table 23 Differential characteristics of Paecilomyces variottii vs P. Iilacinus (p. 274)
Table 24 Differential characteristics of Scopulariopsis brevicaulis vs S. brumptii (p. 274)
Gliocladium sp. (p. 275)
Trichoderma sp. (p. 276)
Beauveria bassiana (p. 277)
Verticillium sp. (p. 278)
Acremonium spp. (p. 279)
Fusarium spp. (p. 280)
Lecythophora spp. (p. 282)
Trichothecium roseum (p. 283)
Chrysosporium spp. (p. 284)
Table 25 Differential characteristics of Chrysosporium vs Sporotrichum (p. 286)
Sporotrichum sp. (p. 287)
Sepedonium sp. (p. 288)
Monilia sitophila (p. 289)
Part III Laboratory Technique
Laboratory Procedures (p. 293)
Collection and Preparation of Specimens (p. 295)
Methods for Direct Microscopic Examination of Specimens (p. 298)
Primary Isolation (p. 300)
Table 26 Media for primary isolation of fungi (p. 301)
Macroscopic Examination of Cultures (p. 303)
Microscopic Examination of Growth (p. 303)
Procedure for Identification of Yeasts (p. 305)
Isolation of Yeast When Mixed with Bacteria (p. 307)
Germ Tube Test for the Presumptive Identification of Candida albicans (p. 307)
Rapid Enzyme Tests for the Presumptive Identification of Candida albicans (p. 308)
Caffeic Acid Disk Test (p. 308)
Olive Oil Disks for Culturing Malassezia furfur (p. 309)
Conversion of Thermally Dimorphic Fungi in Culture (p. 309)
Method of Inducing Sporulation of Apophysomyces elegans and Saksenaea vasiformis (p. 310)
In Vitro Hair Perforation Test (p. 310)
Germ Tube Test for Differentiation of Some Dematiaceous Fungi (p. 311)
Maintenance of Stock Fungal Cultures (p. 311)
Controlling Mites (p. 312)
Staining Methods (p. 313)
Acid-Fast Modified Kinyoun Stain for Nocardia spp. (p. 315)
Acid-Fast Stain for Ascospores (p. 316)
Ascospore Stain (p. 316)
Calcofluor White Stain (p. 316)
Giemsa Stain (p. 317)
Gomori Methenamine Silver (GMS) Stain (p. 318)
Gram Stain (Hucker Modification) (p. 320)
Lactophenol Cotton Blue (p. 321)
Lactophenol Cotton Blue with PVA (Huber's Mounting Medium, Modified) (p. 322)
Rehydration of Paraffin-Embedded Tissue (p. 323)
Media (p. 325)
Ascospore Media (p. 327)
Assimilation Media (for Yeasts) (p. 328)
Birdseed Agar (Niger Seed Agar; Staib Agar) (p. 332)
Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) Agar (p. 333)
Candida ID Agar (p. 333)
Casein Agar (p. 334)
CHROMagar Candida Medium (p. 334)
Cornmeal Agar (p. 335)
Dermatophyte Test Medium (DTM) (p. 336)
Fermentation Broth for Yeasts (p. 336)
Gelatin Medium (p. 337)
Inhibitory Mold Agar (IMA) (p. 339)
Loeffler Medium (p. 339)
Lysozyme Medium (p. 340)
Mycosel Agar (p. 340)
Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Potato Flake Agar (PFA) (p. 341)
Rapid Assimilation of Trehalose (RAT) Broth (p. 341)
Rapid Sporulation Medium (RSM) (p. 343)
SABHI Agar (p. 343)
Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) (p. 344)
Sabouraud Dextrose Agar with 15% NaCl (p. 345)
Sabouraud Dextrose Broth (p. 345)
Starch Hydrolysis Agar (p. 345)
Trichophyton Agars (p. 346)
Tyrosine or Xanthine Agar (p. 347)
Urea Agar (p. 348)
Water Agar (p. 348)
Yeast Extract-Phosphate Agar with Ammonia (p. 348)
Color Plates (p. 351)
Glossary (p. 379)
Bibliography (p. 389)
Index (p. 397)